Electric Vehicles Emerging Technologies

plant layout and plant location

 Plant Location is the right location for the manufacturing facility, it will have sufficient access to the customers, workers, transportation, etc. For commercial success, and competitive advantage following are the critical factors:

Plant location decisions are strategic, long term and non-repetitive in nature. Without sound and careful location planning in the beginning itself, the new facility may pose continuous operating disadvantages, for the future operation. A right selection of a plant location can make and a wrong decision mar an organization. Location decision are affected by many factors such as technology used, the capacity, the financial position, the work force required and also by economic, political and social conditions in the various localities. 

GENERAL FACTORS AFFECTING PLANT LOCATION DECISION:

• INPUT CONSIDERATIONS

• • Material- Quantity, quality, cost and regular supply.

• • Land- Site availability and cost, cost of construction, constructional regulations.

• • Equipment- Cost and availability.

• • Plant utilities- Water, electricity, gas, coal etc.

• • Labor- Availability, skill, wage rates etc.

 

• PROCESSING CONSIDERATIONS

• • Production analysis

• • Process analysis

• • Forecasting and scheduling

• • Production control

• • Maintenance

• • Cost control

 

• OUTPUT CONSIDERATIONS

• • Distribution- Distribution and storage facilities

• • Transportation- Facilities and cost

• • Present and future market potential

• • Local rates

• • Local taxes

 

• OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

• • Community attitude towards industry and company

• • Public and community services

• • Stockholder interests

• • Organizational decentralization policies.

• • Political situation

• Environmental standards

PLANT LAYOUT

• Layout refers to the arrangement of facilities in a particular workstation. It may be plant layout, office layout, auditorium layout etc.

• Plant Layout implies the physical arrangement of machines, equipment and other industrial facilities on the factory floor in such a manner that they may be handled efficiently.

• Plant layout refers to the arrangement of physical facilities such as machinery, equipment, furniture etc. with in the factory building in such a manner so as to have quickest flow of material at the lowest cost and with the least amount of handling in processing the product from the receipt of material to the shipment of the finished product.

• Layout is a Fundamental of every organization and enterprise.

• Kitchen, Retailers, offices, service organization and all the enterprises have a specific layout.

• Previously Layouts were based on intuition, experience and judgment.

• With the complexities and competition now scientific methods are used.

• The Layout comes in picture after the location has been finalized.

• Development of good layout depends on decisions already taken on location, capacity, facility, manufacturing method and material handling techniques.

Solar Jobs

 

Electric vehicle charging per kilometre 60 paise

 

The Ministry of Power has previously announced new EV charging infrastructure standards and guidelines. In compliance with the rules, the state government has fixed the ceiling cost of service charges to be charged by electric vehicle public charging stations. It approved the Rs 12.06 + applicable GST service cost maximum for electric vehicle rates covered by State/Central subsidies.
it is still less expensive than petrol and diesel. “It costs Rs 300 if any four-wheeler takes 25 units to completely charge their cars.” “You can’t even get three litres of petrol with the same quantity of petrol,”

Car comparison between petrol, diesel and electric vehicles

If the price of petrol is considered at Rs 100 per litre and mileage is considered 16 km per litre, the cost of the car, per kilometre, will be about Rs 6.25.

If the price of diesel is considered at Rs 95 per litre and mileage is considered 22 km per litre, the cost of the car, per kilometre, will be around Rs 4.31. 

 Whereas, an electric vehicle requires 30.2 units of electricity on being full charged, therefore if we consider Rs. 6 per unit as the electricity cost then it would cost Rs 181.2 for getting charged fully and then it would run for about 300km. In this way, its cost per kilometre will be close to 60 paise.

 The cost of charging an electric vehicle (EV) in Mumbai would work out to Rs 15 per unit, according to the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC). As per their calculations, an electric car would take anywhere between 20 and 30 units to be fully charged and it would cost the user Rs 200 to Rs 400.

 In Delhi, the government has fixed Rs 4.5 per unit for low tension charging of e-vehicles and Rs 5 per unit for high tension EVs. There would be a service charge based on the charging facility also. So it would cost anywhere between Rs 120 and Rs 150 for a fully charged EV.

 As per the infrastructure guidelines set by the government, it is compulsory to set an EV Charging station at every 3km in cities and 25kms on Highways on both sides. For long-range and heavy-duty vehicles, there should be a charging station at every 100kms on both sides of the road (mostly Highways).

 

Cost of Setting Electric Charging Station in India

            Cost of setting EV charging station in India varies from Rs. 1 Lakh to Rs. 40 Lakhs depending on the types of chargers and investment one is willing to make. However, considering a broader scenario and a supply of 250KVA EV Station below is the estimate.

Charger Type	CCS – 60kW	CHAdeMO – 60kW	Type 2 AC – 7/22kW	Bharat DC-001 – GB/T	Bharat AC-001
Approximate Cost	12,50,000	12,50,000	1,00,000	2,40,000	60,000

 

• New Electricity Connection (250 KVA): 7,50,000 /-
• Civil Works: 2,50,000 /-
• EVSE Management Software + Integration: 40,000 /-
• Technicians, Manpower, Maintenance etc: 3,50,000 /- yearly
• Advertising and Promotion: 50,000 /-
• Land Lease (if the land is at lease): 6,00,000 /- yearly

Total Approximate: Rs. 40,00,000 /- (First year including setup and if the land is at lease)
Annual maintenance from the second year: Rs. 10,00,000 /- (Including land lease)

Minimum Infrastructure Requirement for EV Charging Station

1. A transformer with subsequent substation must be installed along with safety equipment
2. For the purpose of metering/ termination, there should be a 33/11KV Cable with related equipment.
3. Appropriate Civil works should be there
4. There should be adequate space for charging and Entry / Exit of Vehicles
5. Necessary local certifications, if any required. (Varies state to state)

Understanding the Business (Revenue Model)

        Revenue projections are something which we do not have control on. But we can assume a scenario and work out a feasible projection for the next 5 years.

If we take the above investment of Rs. 40 Lakhs, we get approximate of 500-1000 kWh per day EV power for consumption.